Leaf patterns and paper cutouts, circa 1920-1950s

Leaf patterns and cutouts in six frames, 10 clear seal bags and three envelopes with paper cutouts, and two framed wax models. These materials were produced in the Exhibition department, possibly between the 1920s and 1950s, in the process of making exhibits. 

Paper cutouts could be produced using cutting-dies or scissors. Paper leaves were made by applying wet paper cutouts on a plaster mold of the surface of the leaf. The cutouts were applied in layers with paste made of flour and a little liquid plaster of Paris added before applying. A midrib of split bamboo or flattened wire would be placed in position between the layers during the process. When dried, this form was then given a coat of varnish and color.

Wax leaves were done using, cutting dies or squeeze molds.Cutting dies are a tool used to cut and/or form material to a desired shape or profile. A wax gauze was laid on a wet block and the die was also dipped into water to prevent adhesion of the wax. The cutting die was forced through the gauze with a sharp blow of a mallet, which produced a clean-cut edge. A die was used when many small parts were required.

With squeeze molds, the leaves were prepared by placing a thin sheet of cotton and wire for the leaf stem over the top of the mold, molten wax was poured over the cotton and then the squeeze molds featuring the impression of the leaf were clamped down over the hot wax. The wax was then cooled, and once the mold was removed the replica was ready for assembly.