Permanent exhibition. Opened April 1983 and closed approximately 1988-1989. Located on Floor 1, Section 4. Gallery 1 at the American Museum of Natural History was a space for temporary exhibits. It closed to accommodate the expansion of the Hall of Human Biology and Evolution (1, 1983-1984, p. [0]; 1, 1988-1989, p. 45).
Permanent exhibition. Opened May 1978. Located on Floor 3, Section 3. Gallery 3 at the American Museum of Natural History is a gallery space for temporary exhibits and was the largest temporary exhibition space until the opening of the LeFrak Family Gallery in 1999 (1, 1977-1978, p. [0], 20; 1978-1979, p. 49; 2000, p. 27).
Permanent exhibition. Opened April 1973. Located on Floor 1, Section 1A. Gallery 77 at the American Museum of Natural History is a 3,800-square-foot space for temporary exhibits. Notably, it was the first exhibit hall in the Museum to accommodate temporary and changing displays and was designed to accommodate a large scale exhibit or to be divided into smaller multiple exhibit areas. Gallery 77 was air-conditioned, a feature proudly emphasized in the 1972 Annual Report. (1, 1972-1973 p. 7, 31).
Permanent exhibition. Opened October 17, 1980. Located on Floor 2, Section 3. The Gardner D. Stout Hall of Asian Peoples at the American Museum of Natural History is the Museum’s largest cultural hall, occupying 16,000 feet of floor space and showcasing some 3,000 Asian ethnological
artifacts (1, 1974/75, p. 24; 2). Archaeologist Walter Fairservis was instrumental in planning the hall, which was named in honor of Museum President Emeritus Gardner D. Stout. Preparators included Beth Sudekum, Dave Schwendeman, and Derek Squires. Major funding for the hall was provided by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (1, 1967/68 p. 24; 1, 1978/79 p. 50; 1, 1980/81, p. 2).
Permanent exhibition. Opened 1910 and closed approximately 1962. Located on Section 8, Floor 2 from 1910 to 1930 and Section 8, Floor 3 from 1931 to approximately 1962. The Hall of African Ethnology was the first hall covering African anthropological subjects.
Permanent exhibition. Opened June 7, 1968. Located in Section 1, Floor 2. The Hall of African Peoples at the American Museum of Natural History explores Africa's cultural heritage through time. The hall highlights lifestyles and customs—many of them disappearing—of peoples living in four environments: grasslands, deserts, forests, and river region as well as Ancient Egypt.
Permanent exhibition. Opened 1939 and closed approximately 1944. Located on the Lower Level in 1943. The hall may have existed or have been planned for Floor 3, Section 12a. The Hall of Animal Behavior at the American Museum of Natural History, curated by the Department of Experimental Biology, briefly exhibited on the lower level, was intended to “[tell] the story of the animal mind” using interactive exhibits covering a wide-range of animals and behaviors (1, 1937, p. 15). The curator for the hall was G. Kingsley Noble (1, 1940, p. 6).
Permanent exhibition. Opened November 17, 1930. Located on Floor 2, Section 9. The Hall of Asian Mammals at the American Museum of Natural History exhibits large mammals from India, Myanmar, and Thailand in a dozen habitat groups and, similar to the Hall of African Mammals, a group of freestanding elephants as the hall's centerpiece. The hall was rearranged between 1950 and 1951 (1, 1950/51, p. 35.) Expeditions that contributed to the hall included the Asiatic Zoological Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History (1st: 1916-1917), the Asiatic Zoological Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History (2nd: 1918-1919), the Faunthorpe-Vernay Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History (1922-1923), and the Vernay Faunthorpe Expedition (1926-1929) (1, 1917 p. 29; 1, 1922 p. 95). The Asiatic Zoological Expeditions were led by Roy Chapman Andrews and included Yvette Borup Andrews, Edmund Heller, and Harry R. Caldwell. J.C. Faunthorpe and Arthur S. Vernay funded and led their eponymous expeditions, and Museum artists Albert E. Butler and Clarence C. Rosenkranz joined them to conduct field studies (1, 1927, p. 74-75). The curator for the hall was Harold E. Anthony (1, 1957/58 p. 19). Artists for the hall's design and habitat groups were Albert E. Butler, James L. Clark, Walter Esherich, Arthur Jansson, Francis Lee Jaques, Louis Paul Jonas, John W. Hope, William R. Leigh, Robert Rockwell, and Clarence C. Rosenkranz (2, 2006, p. 169).
Permanent exhibition. Opened May 30, 1998. Located on Floor 1, Section 9. The Hall of Biodiversity at the American Museum of Natural History presents a vivid portrait of the beauty and abundance of life on Earth, highlighting both biodiversity and the factors that threaten it. The hall was organized by a team from departments across the Museum, including Department of Invertebrates curator Niles Elredge, Department of Ornithology curator Joel Cracraft, Sidney Horenstein, coordinator of environmental programs, and Francesca Grifo, director of the Center for Biodiversity and Conservation. Willard Whitson, senior exhibits developer and interim director of the Department of Exhibitions was in charge of exhibition development at the Museum at the time, Ralph Applebaum Associates created the exhibition design, and James Stewart Polshek and Partners oversaw the architectural renovations (1, 1994/96, p. 39). Support for the hall was provided by the Metropolitan Life Foundation under the leadership of its chairman, Museum Trustee Harry P. Kamen, the Monsanto Company, the New York Times Company Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and Emily Fisher (1, 1996/97, p. 5-6; 1, 1998/99, p. 9; 1, 2000, p. 11).
Permanent exhibition. Opened April 11, 1929. Located on Floor 2, Section 2. The Hall of Birds of the World (1929-) at the American Museum of Natural History (1, 1934, p. 59) is the second hall to use this name. The original Hall of Birds of the World was a systematic hall. The two halls were both open between 1930-1945. The original hall closed by 1947 and the second, consisting of twelve habitat dioramas, remains open of 2017 (1, 1934, p. 59). Curator Frank M. Chapman (2,1926, p. 66) and artists Albert E. Butler, Raymond deLucia, Arthur Jansson, Francis Lee Jaques, Matthew Kalmenoff, Frank J. Mackenzie, George Petersen, Raymond Potter, Stephen C. Quinn, Fred Scherer, and David Schwendeman (3, 2006, p. 169) contributed to the hall. The Byrd Antarctic Expedition provided the King Penguin Group (2, 1931, p. 45).
Permanent exhibition. Opened approximately 1900 and closed approximately 1946. Located on Floor 2, Section 1 from approximately 1900 to approximately 1946. The Hall of Birds of the World at the American Museum of Natural History was a systematic or synoptic hall which presented bird groups as well as instructional exhibits on the natural history and biology of birds (1, 1919, p. 53). Curators included Frank M. Chapman (AR 1926 p. 66). A hall of bird habitat dioramas, also called Hall of Birds of the World, opened in 1929, and was initially planned as a compliment to the original Hall of Birds of the World. While the halls were opened simultaneously from 1929 to approximately 1946, the diorama hall has outlived the first, systematic Hall of Birds of the World (2, 1926, p. 45).
Permanent exhibition. Opened approximately 1903 and closed approximately 1937-1938. Located on Floor 4, Section 5 from 1903 to 1926 and Floor 4, Section 9 from 1927 to 1938. The Hall of Dinosaurs at the American Museum of Natural History originally exhibited fossil reptiles (including dinosaurs), amphibians, and fishes. The growth of the exhibition collection led to overcrowding, and the dinosaur specimens were relocated to a larger hall and reopened on March 9, 1927 (1, 1927, p. 138-139). Paleontologists Barnum Brown and Henry Fairfield Osborn oversaw the installation (1, 1925, p. 29).
Permanent exhibition. Opened April 17, 1939 and closed February 1991. Located Floor 4, Section 13. The Hall of Early Dinosaurs at the American Museum of Natural History opened alongside the Hall of Late Dinosaurs (1, 1939, p. 5; 2). The two halls succeeded the Hall of Dinosaurs and divided the dinosaur exhibits chronologically. The hall was renovated and rearranged in 1940's and 1950's. Murals by Thomas Voter of animals from the American Triassic and Jurassic periods were planned and eventually installed on the upper walls of the hall (1, 1941, p. 10). The Fossil Fish Alcove was installed at the back of the hall in the early 1950's (1, 1950/51, p. 33) The hall closed in 1991 for the creation of new fossil halls (2).
Permanent exhibition. Opened approximately 1953 and closed 1990-1991. Located on Floor 1, Section 5. The Hall of Early Mammals at the American Museum of Natural History focused on the origins of mammals and their evolution from the Mesozoic to Cenozoic periods and exhibited primitive fossil mammals (1, 1953, p. 64; 1, 1962, p. 37). The hall was revised as part of the Museum's ten-year exhibition program to update and create halls, reopening in May of 1965 (2, 1964/65, p. 3-4). Curators for the hall included Bobb Schaeffer and Mary B. Patsuris (2, 1957/58, p. 37-38).
Permanent exhibition. Opened approximately 1908. Located on Floor 1, Section 4 from 1908 to approximately 1960. Temporarily located on Floor 1, Section 11 in 1962-1963. Located on Floor 3, Section 4 from 1960 to present. The Hall of Eastern Woodlands Indians at the American Museum of Natural History focuses on traditional Native American cultures of North America east of the Mississippi River, Ojibwe, Mohegan, Natchez, Seminole, and Cree, and features ethnological objects and exhibits on dwellings, farming, food, clothing, ceremonial practices, pottery, baskets, tools, metal jewelry, musical instruments, and textiles (1, 1913, p. 25-28; 1, 1964, p. 32; amnh website). Alongside the Hall of Plains Indians, the Hall of Eastern Woodlands Indians moved and was redesigned from approximately 1960 to 1966. The renovation was overseen by curator Stanley A. Freed and Joseph Guerry of the Exhibition Department (AR 1960 p. 25; AR 1966 p. 18).
Permanent exhibition. Opened December 5, 1928 and closed May 1962. Located on Floor 1, Section 9. The Hall of Fishes of the World at the American Museum of Natural History served as the Museum's ichthyology hall and was constructed at the same time as the Hall of Ocean Life. Specimens for the hall were collected by the Spalding Expedition (1926), which included Keith Spalding, the Arcturus Expedition, which included Herbert Ruckes, and the Lerner Cape Breton Expedition (1936), which included Michael Lerner, J.T. Nichols, Francesca R. La Monte, H.C. Raven, George Conrad Miles, Ludwig Ferraglio, Anthony Keasbey, and William Lerner (1, 1925, p. 22; 1, 1926, p. 9; 2. The hall was arranged by curators Bashford Dean and William K. Gregory and Museum director Frederic A. Lucas (1, 1916, p. 21; 1, 1925, p. 29). Zane Grey and Michael Lerner obtained specimens of big game fish, and other individuals who caught or presented specimens are extensively documented in the annual reports (1, 1923-1936). Preparators for the hall included Walter Escherich, Christopher Marguglio, Ludwig Ferraglio, Herman Mueller, George Childs, George Miles Conrad, and Joseph Guerry (1, 1926, p. 9; 1, 1929, p. 64; 1, 1936, p. 11).
Permanent exhibition. Opened approximately 1900 and closed approximately 1950-1952. Located on Floor 4, Section 1. The Hall of Geology and Invertebrate Palaeontology at the American Museum of Natural History, for the majority of its existence, contained fossil invertebrates and geological exhibits (1, 1912, p. 33). Revisions and updates were made throughout the 1910s and 1920s (1, 1910-1929) and again in the early 1940s, before it was decided to completely replace it with a more modern hall (1, 1942, p. 16).
Permanent exhibition. Opened March 20, 1961 and closed 2005-2006. Located on Floor 1, Section 4. The Hall of Human Biology at the American Museum of Natural History covered topics in physical anthropology. Completed as part of the ten-year expansion program to create more modern halls, the Hall of the Biology of Man, as it was then called, took the place of the Hall of the Natural History of Man in concept (1, 1959/60, p. 11). The hall was originally conceived by curator Harry L. Shapiro (1, 1960/61, p. 25). In an effort led by curator Ian Tattersall, the hall was redesigned between 1982 and 1992 and reopened as the Hall of Human Biology and Evolution (1, 1982/83 p. 2; 1, 1989/90, p. 3).
Permanent exhibition. Opened 1939 and closed February 1992. Located on Floor 4, Section 9. The Hall of Late Dinosaurs opened alongside the Hall of Early Dinosaurs. The two halls succeeded the Hall of Dinosaurs and divided the dinosaur exhibits chronologically (1, 1938, p. 2). The hall was renovated and rearranged in 1955-1956 (1, 1955/56, p. 42). Expeditions led by Barnum Brown and Roy Chapman Andrew, including the Central Asiatic Expeditions (1921-1930), contributed many of the specimens in the hall. The hall closed in February 1992 for the creation of new fossil halls (2, 1990).